The science of history is the study of the past through written documents, which means that many people are not actually in history. Generally, historians do not record the fate of an ordinary person in history.
But sometimes these people do such things that history is rewritten for them. Let’s take a look at the ordinary people who shaped this history. Ya’qub al-Saffar was a poor copper worker who lived in the city of Zaranc in the middle of the ninth century . He lived with his brother,
who pulled a mule. The two brothers spent most of their lives in Eastern Iran. At that time, Iran was in complete turmoil as the Abbasid caliphs fought the radical sect of the Kharijites to gain control .
When things got worse, local militia forces appeared in the area. These two brothers joined such a group voluntarily. Within a few years, Ya’qub took over the local forces. It destroyed the bandits that spread like a plague in the region and expanded the territory of their rule.
In 876, Jacob’s army expanded into present-day Iran and Afghanistan. With this army, it was considered certain that he would defeat the powerful Abbasid Caliph and conquer Baghdad . However, things did not go as planned. Jacob suffered the coup most closely,
50 miles from Baghdad. He was injured in the war and died three years later, and his brother replaced him. However, when he could not hold the empire together, he was executed in public. He was born sometime in the mid-nineteenth century in Sudan.
When he was sold as a slave as a child, he became a slave-soldier of a local Sudanese ruler. When the Egyptians defeated this prince, Rabih fled to Central Africa with 400 slaves like him and laid the foundations of his empire with them.
10 Leaders Who Found an Empire from Scratch
From dispersed groups of Rabih comrades who attacked villages and cities as they progressed, he created an army of 5,000 trained soldiers. In the 1890s it attacked the once powerful Bornu Empire and easily crushed it. With impressive efficiency he built a tightly controlled empire in the Inner Africa region east of Lake Chad .
Unfortunately, Rabih’s growing empire coincided with the equally colonial French . But sadly, his outdated rifles and guns were too small to compete with the latest European military ammunition . Still, he had a few victories. However, he was injured in 1900 and died three days later. After that, his empire collapsed in a short time.
One of the greatest rulers in Turkish history. Nadir Shah, the last conqueror of Great Central Asia. He was born to an inferior shepherd family in eastern Iran . He should have had a humble life, but his dreams were bigger. Nadir Shah was obsessed with being strong. It was likely that he had
spent his childhood as a slave before he ran away and became a bandit. He caught the attention of Prince Tahmasp, who claimed the throne after his armed troop helped defeat a local dictator . Tahmasp made Nadir his commander by making the best and also the worst decision of his life
He was one of the best generals rare history has seen, and achieved many victories in a short span of time .
But Nadir didn’t just want to be a servant. Having just fallen into his greed,
he killed Tahmasp and seized his throne. After that, he built a magnificent empire stretching from Georgia to Northern India. In 1739, Nadir carried out the famous Mongolian Expedition.
10 Leaders Who Found an Empire from Scratch
He destroyed the mighty Mongol army and plundered Delhi, and he returned, taking an unimaginable treasure , including the Kuh-i Nur diamond,
which means Mountain of Light . Rumor has it that there were so many treasures from Delhi that Nadir did not even need to collect taxes from anyone for three years .
The rare shah with a very high Turkishness awareness never forgot his origin. During his reign, he obliged all government officials from the Caucasus to Bengal to speak Turkish.
He tried to develop warm relations by accepting that the Ottomans were the biggest and most rooted state established by the Turks . Its aim was to unite the two Turkish states and ensure their rule by a double monarchy. However, his life was not enough.
He had his son’s eyes drawn on the grounds that he was in a rebellion against him. After a while,
10 Leaders Who Found an Empire from Scratch
he was killed in his tent by a group of commander who was worried about their lives in an environment of uneasiness caused by the great bloodshed in order to suppress a great uprising in Sîstan against heavy tax burden and pressure . Nadir Shah’s actions were impressive,
he was not the first to do so. He was simply following in the footsteps of Tamerlane, the military genius of his time. Like Nader,
Timur was the son of a middle class family and over time turned into a bandit. When we look at the documents about his life, we see that when an angry shepherd shoots arrows at his legs and arms ,
he steals his sheep and these arrows cause minor disruptions in his body . Timur, who started with a small rebellious group and established a considerable army with the support of the people around him ,
combined his intelligence and strategy and started a revolt against the tuğluk khan . Later, the timur put his unit under the command of Çağatay Khan,
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then they developed themselves and took the throne. From east to west, north to south, he created an enormous army of cavalry raids and conquests in all directions . His army ruled the entire region from “Damascus to Delhi”. He defeated the Golden Horde,
plundered Baghdad and destroyed the Ottoman power for a short time. When Sultan Yıldırım Bayezid died, he was a prisoner of Timur. In this regard, Timur was a man who knew war tricks very well and was successful in administration.
10 Leaders Who Found an Empire from Scratch
He galloped his cavalry of about 100 people from different points onto the castle of thousands of people , and thanks to the dust and smoke he raised , he gave the impression that these were the leading arms of a great army, and he convinced the people in the castle to take over.
In the battle of Delhi, the sultan used war elephants and covered them with iron armor.
At that time, these elephants were considered invincible. Timur, on the other hand, was an incredible genius and placed hay on camels in his army, set them on fire and led them to elephants. The elephants dispersed and began attacking their own troops.
This was an easy victory for Timur and a significant portion of the Delhi population was massacred. During this period Timur became known for the brutality of his conquests. When he died of a severe cold in 1405, he set out to conquer China, and his empire disintegrated after his death.
